Objectives

The aim of the first module is to become familiar with the initial approach to the emergency patient and how to maximise success. The effective performance of a primary survey and prioritisation will be discussed followed by the secondary survey with a particular focus on the respiratory system. The relative value of different catheter types and vascular access and various types of monitoring and laboratory assessment will be evaluated. Some of the concerns regarding nosocomial and zoonotic infection in our veterinary patients will be discussed before finally applying the principles we have learned to clinical scenarios. These modules will set the scene for later modules that will build and expand on specific areas of emergency medicine.

Key learning objectives Day One:

• Understand the administrative, legal and ethical issues involving the critically ill patient
• Appreciate triage systems and detail a suitable initial patient assessment
• Explain emergency vascular access techniques including jugular and intra-osseous routes
• Understand pain management, stabilisation and monitoring
• Explain health and safety concerns and precautions including managing a situation involving potential zoonoses
• Appreciate infectious diseases and preventative healthcare
  
  Reference sources or notes for the additional learning objectives on the recumbent patient will be provided
  

Key learning objectives Day Two:

• Understand sampling techniques, processing, storage and data recording
• Apply knowledge to using the microscope to examine blood smears, urinary sediment and basic cytology and be able to diagnose common acute and chronic conditions seen in general practice
• Assess haemostasis
• Interpret clinical laboratory medicine information including haematology, biochemistry, electrolyte and arterial and blood gas analyses
• Understand when transfusion should be considered and appreciate that there are no ‘magic’ numbers
• Select appropriate blood products and protocols to minimise adverse outcomes
• Manage common conditions leading to haematological abnormalities requiring transfusion